FYI most EVs use LFP batteries, less CO2 in manufacturing, no cobalt no nickel.
Next generation Li Phosphate graphene batteries have half the weight and half the CO2 compared to today’s EV batteries. These are in A1 samples to the EV industry and in 2024 full production to the military for drones and such. About 2027 for production in EVs

So EV manufacturing gets better.

When (if) Li Air is in mass production, the CO2 from production will drop lower still.

Some of solid state batteries will have lower CO2 as well. Estimated dates 2027 to 2033…